Archive for April, 2010
CARBON STEEL
April 29th, 2010 | 
Author: CARBON STEEL
When ingots and bars are rolled to rod or sheet, the process can be done hot or cold. Cold rolled steel, or CRS, is often specified for deep drawn and stamped parts.
Cold rolled steels with high carbon content, over 0.55%, are strong but not very ductile. They are best used for springs and strong wire.
Used in Deep Draw
The most common steel sheet products for deep drawing are the cold rolled mild steels, which have better surface quality, mechanical properties and formability.
Cold Rolled (CRS) Carbon Steels such as AISI / SAE 1008 and 1010 are the steels most commonly used. (Experience shows that these two are interchangeable and the 1010 may be used if the1008 alloy is unavailable). Many of these parts are relatively low cost to begin, but need to be plated afterwards to protect against corrosion during storage or use.
Heat-treating
Heat-treating carbon steel changes its ductility, hardness, yield strength and impact resistance. It also changes its electrical and thermal conductivity. Depending on the part and its future use, we may stamp easily formable low alloy carbon steel, which is later heat-treated to change its mechanical properties. In other cases we would not stamp low-carbon steel unless it is already heat-treated, or we might recommend using high carbon steel, depending on a number of electrical and chemical considerations
| Steel Numbering There are 14 basic types of carbon and alloy steels specified by a numbering system that is shared by AISI and SAE. These types run from Carbon steel, such as 1010, to the higher alloy Nickel-Chrome-Moly series steels, like 4310, and Chromium steels, like 5130. The second two digits in this system, 10XX, represent the decimal percent of carbon in these alloys: 1010 has 0.10 % carbon. The stainless steels are in another steel series. |
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G12 Example using I (Finished Radius)
G12 Example using I
(Finished Radius)
O0010 ;
T1 M06 ;
G90 G54 G00 X1.0 Y1.0 ;
S1500 M03 ;
G43 Z0.1 H1 M08;
G12 Z-0.5 I0.4 D01 F15. ;
G00 Z0.1 M09 ;
G28 G91 Y0 Z0 ;
M30 ;
Only one pass is required for this example, so there is only an I value (circle radius) in the G12 line. G12 will use conventional rather than climb milling
We want to mill a 0.8” diameter 0.5” deep pocket using a 0.5” endmill. The picture shows the tool path for the code given.
Overview
Overview
Traditionally, CAM has been considered as a numerical control (NC) programming tool, wherein two-dimensional (2-D) or three-dimensional (3-D) models of components generated in CAD software are used to generate G-code to drive computer numerically controlled (CNC) machine tools. Simple designs such as bolt circles or basic contours do not necessitate importing a CAD file.
As with other “Computer-Aided” technologies, CAM does not eliminate the need for skilled professionals such as manufacturing engineers, NC programmers, or machinists. CAM, in fact, leverages both the value of the most skilled manufacturing professionals through advanced productivity tools, while building the skills of new professionals through visualization, simulation and optimization tools.
Product Lifecycle
Product lifecycle
Computer-Aided Design is one part of the whole Digital Product Development (DPD) activity within the Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) process, and as such is used together with other tools, which are either integrated modules or stand-alone products, such as:
- Computer-aided engineering (CAE) and Finite element analysis (FEA)
- Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) including instructions to Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machines
- Photo realistic rendering
- Document management and revision control using Product Data Management (PDM).
The Times They Are A-Changin’ (Bob Dylan) & What is Truth? (Johnny Cash)
Here is something to ease our anxiety about EXAMS!
| What is Truth? (Johnny Cash)
The old man turned off the radio Said, "Where did all of the old songs go Kids sure play funny music these days They play it in the strangest ways" Said, "it looks to me like they've all gone wild It was peaceful back when I was a child" Well, man, could it be that the girls and boys Are trying to be heard above your noise? And the lonely voice of youth cries "What is truth?" A little boy of three sittin' on the floor Looks up and says, "Daddy, what is war?" "son, that's when people fight and die" The little boy of three says "Daddy, why?" A young man of seventeen in Sunday school Being taught the golden rule And by the time another year has gone around It may be his turn to lay his life down Can you blame the voice of youth for asking "What is truth?" A young man sittin' on the witness stand The man with the book says "Raise your hand" "Repeat after me, I solemnly swear" The man looked down at his long hair And although the young man solemnly swore Nobody seems to hear anymore And it didn't really matter if the truth was there It was the cut of his clothes and the length of his hair And the lonely voice of youth cries "What is truth?" The young girl dancing to the latest beat Has found new ways to move her feet The young man speaking in the city square Is trying to tell somebody that he cares Yeah, the ones that you're calling wild Are going to be the leaders in a little while This old world's wakin' to a new born day And I solemnly swear that it'll be their way You better help the voice of youth find "What is truth" |
The Times They Are A-Changin' (Bob Dylan)
Come gather 'round people Wherever you roam And admit that the waters Around you have grown And accept it that soon You'll be drenched to the bone. If your time to you Is worth savin' Then you better start swimmin' Or you'll sink like a stone For the times they are a-changin'. Come writers and critics Who prophesize with your pen And keep your eyes wide The chance won't come again And don't speak too soon For the wheel's still in spin And there's no tellin' who That it's namin'. For the loser now Will be later to win For the times they are a-changin'. Come senators, congressmen Please heed the call Don't stand in the doorway Don't block up the hall For he that gets hurt Will be he who has stalled There's a battle outside And it is ragin'. It'll soon shake your windows And rattle your walls For the times they are a-changin'. Come mothers and fathers Throughout the land And don't criticize What you can't understand Your sons and your daughters Are beyond your command Your old road is Rapidly agin'. Please get out of the new one If you can't lend your hand For the times they are a-changin'. The line it is drawn The curse it is cast The slow one now Will later be fast As the present now Will later be past The order is Rapidly fadin'. And the first one now Will later be last For the times they are a-changin'. |
